Final answer:
All the listed options, improper storage of medications, clutter on the stairway, and exposed water pipes, can cause problems in the physical environment of an older adult by leading to health issues, falls, or difficulty in maintaining body temperature.
Step-by-step explanation:
The physical environment of an older adult can significantly impact their well-being and safety. Here are the explanations for why each of the listed options could cause problems:
- Improper storage of medications can lead to incorrect usage or dosages, potentially causing health problems or failing to manage existing conditions effectively.
- Clutter on the stairway can be a tripping hazard, increasing the risk of falls that may lead to serious injuries especially since older individuals may have slower reflexes and less muscle.
- Exposed water pipes could cause accidental burns or lead to trips and falls. Furthermore, they could contribute to a decreased ability to regulate body temperature, a known issue in the aging process.
Therefore, D: All of the above are factors that could cause problems in the physical environment of an older adult, potentially leading to homeostatic imbalance and exacerbating age-related diseases.