Final answer:
The correct answer is option d. The theory that mirrors the concept of attending to both individual strengths and weaknesses is Selective Optimization with Compensation. This theory acknowledges the personalization of goals and the balance between gains and losses throughout a person's life, particularly in the context of aging.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept described in the question, of attending to a person's individual strengths as well as weaknesses, aligns most closely with the theory of Selective Optimization with Compensation (Option D). Selective Optimization with Compensation is a theory by Baltes and Baltes focusing on the adaptive processes of selection, optimization, and compensation as part of successful personal development across the human life course, particularly within the field of gerontology. It emphasizes the balance of losses and gains in aging, viewing aging as a process where individual goals and compensations are highly personalized.
Another approach that closely relates to recognizing individual strengths is the strengths-based management style developed by Donald Clifton. Clifton's approach involves maximizing an individual's strengths rather than concentrating solely on their weaknesses, which can lead to significant growth opportunities within an organizational context. This perspective is consistent with the principles of positive psychology but is specifically focused on management and organizational efficiency.