Final answer:
The retina is the part of the eye responsible for converting light energy into neural energy through the photoreceptive cells it contains.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the eye involved in transducing light energy into neural energy is the retina. The retina is located on the inner surface at the back of the eye, and it contains photoreceptive cells, including rods and cones. The process of light passing through the eye begins at the cornea, which along with the lens refracts light to focus it on the retina.
The iris adjusts the amount of light that enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil. Once the light reaches the retina, the rods and cones convert the light into chemical changes that generate nerve impulses. These impulses are then transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve, enabling us to perceive the visual world.