Final answer:
Data are indeed collected to answer real-world questions, and it is true that being able to justify the selection of the right kind of data is essential in scientific research. The process involves understanding the type of data, whether quantitative or qualitative, needed to answer specific scientific questions effectively. The correct answer is option 1).
Step-by-step explanation:
It is true that data are collected to answer real-world questions. Scientists and researchers collect various types of data to test hypotheses and arrive at conclusions that address specific scientific questions. The ability to justify the selection of data is a critical skill in scientific research because one must be able to determine which data are pertinent and relevant to the research question at hand. This requires an understanding of the type of data needed, whether it be quantitative or qualitative, and how it can effectively provide insights to answer the question.
For instance, if a researcher is investigating the impact of a new drug on blood pressure, they would need to collect quantitative data on blood pressure levels before and after the administration of the drug. In addition, they might collect qualitative data about the participants' lifestyle and dietary habits to contextualize the results. This exemplifies how a variety of data can be used to formulate a comprehensive answer to a scientific question.