Question

How can we calculate the volume fraction from the XRD pattern?

1) By analyzing the peak intensities
2) By measuring the lattice parameters
3) By calculating the crystallite size
4) By determining the lattice strain

Answer 1

To calculate the volume fraction from an XRD pattern, you can use the Bragg equation to determine the spacing between planes of atoms in a crystal lattice using the angle of diffraction.

Step-by-step explanation:

In order to calculate the volume fraction from an XRD pattern, you generally would not use peak intensities, lattice parameters, or lattice strain directly. Instead, you would typically use the Bragg equation, which relates the angle of diffraction to the spacing between planes of atoms in a crystal lattice.

The Bragg equation is given by:

nλ = 2d sin(θ)

where n is the order of the diffraction, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, d is the spacing between planes, and θ is the angle of diffraction.

By analyzing the diffraction peaks in an XRD pattern and measuring the angles at which they occur, you can determine the spacing between planes and, subsequently, the volume fraction of the crystal.