Final answer:
The statement provided is false; Locke proposed that primary qualities like solidity and extension are inherent in objects, and we perceive them as they truly exist, unlike secondary qualities which are not in the objects but are produced as sensations in us.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that according to John Locke, primary qualities of bodies are in no way resemblances of those bodies is false. Locke actually argued that it is the secondary qualities that do not resemble the bodies themselves. Primary qualities, such as solidity, extension, motion, and number, are actually inherent in the bodies and these qualities are perceived by us in the way that they indeed exist in the objects. Secondary qualities like color, sound, taste, and temperature, on the other hand, exist not in the objects themselves but as powers to produce various sensations in us by their primary qualities.
Locke's distinction between primary and secondary qualities was an important part of his theory of epistemology, the study of knowledge itself, and his belief in empirical knowledge, which contends that knowledge comes only through experience. This idea can be found in his influential work, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Locke's assertions were crucial to the development of modern conceptions of identity based on consciousness and personal continuity over time, diverging sharply from the Platonic and Cartesian traditions that emphasized a duality of mind and body or the existence of inherent ideas independent of experience.