Question

Which of the following is a nondeclarative memory?

a.
Mike remembers learning how to ski as a teenager.
b.
In a spelling contest, Larry misremembers the spelling of the word mnemonic.
c.
Juan feels happy when he smells the scent of the perfume that his mother wore.
d.
Ryan remembers how to play chess the way that his grandfather taught him.

Answer 1

Among the given options, the one that is a nondeclarative memory is:
c. Juan feels happy when he smells the scent of the perfume that his mother wore.

Step-by-step explanation:

The nondeclarative memory, also known as implicit memory, involves information that is typically not consciously recalled or expressed through verbal or declarative means.

This scenario represents a nondeclarative memory. Juan associates a specific emotional response (feeling happy) with a particular scent (his mother's perfume). This emotional response is not something he consciously recalls or declares in words; instead, it is a learned emotional association linked to a sensory experience. This type of memory is considered implicit because it involves automatic or unconscious memory processes, and it is often tied to sensory or emotional experiences.

Options a, b, and d involve declarative memory because they refer to explicit recollection or conscious memory of past events, facts, or skills that can be articulated or verbally expressed.

Therefore, the correct option is:
c. Juan feels happy when he smells the scent of the perfume that his mother wore.