Final Answer:
The third category of learning is d.observational
Step-by-step explanation:
Observational learning, also known as social learning or modeling, is the third category of learning. It involves acquiring new behaviors and knowledge through observing and imitating others. This type of learning is often associated with the work of psychologist Albert Bandura, who conducted extensive research on the subject.
Observational learning plays a crucial role in socialization, as individuals learn from the behaviors and experiences of those around them. It is a fundamental aspect of human development and has significant implications for education and behavior modification.
Observational learning can be seen in various settings, such as classrooms, workplaces, and everyday social interactions. For example, children often learn by observing their parents, teachers, and peers. In the workplace, employees may acquire new skills and techniques by watching their colleagues or supervisors. Understanding observational learning is essential for educators and psychologists to design effective teaching methods and interventions that take into account the impact of modeling behaviors on individuals' learning processes.
Overall, observational learning complements the other two traditional categories of learning—associative and nonassociative—and provides valuable insights into how individuals acquire new knowledge and skills through observation and imitation.
Correct option is d.observational