Final answer:
Between the 17th and 19th centuries, supernatural explanations for psychological disorders were supplanted by a medical model and a psychological model, marking a pivot to scientific approaches in understanding and treating mental health issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Between the 17th and 19th centuries, supernatural explanations for psychological disorders began to give way to two scientific approaches: c. a medical model and a psychological model. The medical model approached psychological disorders as illnesses that could be diagnosed and treated, while the psychological model sought to understand the mental processes and behaviors associating with these disorders. The shift from supernatural to scientific approaches marked a significant transformation in the treatment and conceptualization of mental health.
The cognitive revolution in the 1950s marked a further scientific progress in psychology, turning the spotlight back onto mental processes and cognition. This revolution was influenced by emerging disciplines such as neuroscience and computer science, with figures like Ulric Neisser playing a pivotal role. During this period, other perspectives such as humanism also gained traction, emphasizing individual agency and innate potential for good, with Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers being notable proponents of this view.