Final answer:
Religion, as defined by Émile Durkheim and related to Adler's views, is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things that unite individuals into a moral community. It is universal and profoundly influences moral, social, political, and economic aspects of life. Religion is relevant to societal cohesion, meaning-making, and guiding behaviors within societies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Religion, as conceptualized by pioneering sociologist Émile Durkheim, and in accordance with Adler's views, is a complex sociocultural institution that is considered to be a universal element across various societies and cultures. Durkheim defined religion as "a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things." These beliefs and practices unite individuals into a single moral community, often called a church, and guide them in various aspects of their lives, both spiritually and practically.
Despite the variation among religions—where some may not believe in a god or the survival of the soul—they are all bound by a comprehensive manner of valuing that is intense and unique to human beings. This is what makes something a religion, without the necessity for belief in a supernatural dimension.
Religion is intimately tied to various facets of life; it influences moral values, ethical decisions, and social norms. It also intersects with political and economic structures, shaping and being shaped by them. For instance, Max Weber and Karl Marx had differing views on the role of religion in society, with Weber considering it a potential force for social change and Marx viewing it as a means to maintain social inequality.
Religion is most likely relevant to the way individuals and societies conceptualize their existence, create social cohesion, and find personal and collective meaning in the world. It also has a direct influence on how people engage with political, economic, and environmental issues, demonstrating the broad and profound impact that religious beliefs and systems have on human life.
Complete question is as follows :
What is Religion, according to Adler's views and what is it most likely relevant to?