Final answer:
The Texas Revolution was driven by tensions over cultural differences, slavery, and governance, leading to the declaration of the Republic of Texas in 1836. The Texan settlers, aided by some Tejanos, challenged Mexican authority, leading to the formation of the Lone Star Republic, which stood independent before its eventual annexation by the United States.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1821, when Americans began settling in the Mexican province of Texas, they were anticipating becoming part of the United States due to longstanding claims. However, the Adams-Onís Treaty between Spain and the United States thwarted these expectations, compelling Texans to consider independence.
The Texas Revolution emerged from cultural, economic, and political tensions, including disputes over slavery, which the Mexican government attempted to outlaw in 1829 specifically to weaken the American settlers' position. The Texans, along with some Tejanos who wanted liberal governmental reforms, pushed for independence from Mexico.
This was particularly after President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna consolidated power in 1834, which led to the Consultation delegates meeting and declaring independence in March 1836. They formed the Republic of Texas, also known as the Lone Star Republic.
Attempts to reconcile with the Mexican government, including conditions like returning to constitutional governance, failed, leading to pivotal events such as the famed battle at the Alamo. Notably, the newly declared Republic of Texas established that slavery would not be prohibited, reflecting the American settlers' interests.
From 1836 to 1846, Texas operated as an independent nation with Sam Houston as its first president, ultimately becoming a point of contention that would contribute to the Mexican-American War following the annexation of Texas by the United States.