Final Answer:
The scientific method includes the following steps: defining the problem, reviewing the literature, formulating the hypothesis, selecting the research design, and then collecting and analyzing the data, and developing the conclusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientific method is a systematic approach to scientific inquiry, and its steps are crucial for conducting valid and reliable experiments. Here's a breakdown of the provided statement:
Defining the Problem: This is the initial step where the researcher identifies and articulates the specific problem or question they want to investigate.
Reviewing the Literature: Before formulating a hypothesis, it's essential to review existing literature and research on the chosen topic. This step helps researchers build on existing knowledge and avoid unnecessary duplication.
Formulating the Hypothesis: A hypothesis is a testable prediction or statement that guides the research. It proposes an explanation for the observed phenomena.
Selecting the Research Design: This step involves planning the experimental design or research methodology, outlining how the study will be conducted to test the hypothesis.
Collecting and Analyzing Data: Researchers gather data through experiments or observations, and then they analyze the data using statistical methods to draw meaningful conclusions.
Developing the Conclusion: Based on the analysis, researchers draw conclusions regarding whether the data supports or refutes the hypothesis. They may also discuss the implications of their findings and suggest directions for further research.
(literature) is the answer that completes the sentence.