Final answer:
Lord Byron was catapulted to fame by his narrative poem "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage," published in 1812, which was well-received and enhanced by his scandalous and adventurous lifestyle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The writing that put Lord Byron's name on the map and established his fame was "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage." This work, a lengthy narrative poem, was published in 1812 and caught the attention of the public and critics alike, heralding the arrival of a significant new talent in the literary scene.
Byron's flamboyant lifestyle, full of scandal and adventure, as well as his passionate support for causes such as the Greek War of Independence, added to his appeal and notoriety. Despite his controversies, Byron's literary contributions significantly influenced the Romantic movement, and he remains a celebrated figure in English literature today.