Final answer:
The pea plant with genotype rrYy can produce 4 different types of gametes in equal proportions: rrY, rrY, RrY, and Rry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genotype of the pea plant is rrYy. To determine the number of different types of gametes it can make and in what proportions, we need to consider the different combinations of alleles. The plant can produce gametes with either a lowercase r or an uppercase R, and with either a lowercase y or an uppercase Y. Since there are two options for each gene, there are a total of 2 x 2 = 4 possible gametes. These gametes are: rrY, rry, RrY, and Rry. Each of these gametes has an equal chance of being produced, so the proportions are 1:1:1:1.
Since only one letter from each allele pair is included in a gamete, the law of segregation ensures that the pea plant's gametes will each contain either a Y or a y, which leads to a 50% chance for rY and 50% for ry. This corresponds to the two possible combinations of alleles that can result from the single heterozygous Yy pairing in the plant’s genotype.