Final answer:
The P value is the probability that the amount of variation in a statistical test is due to random chance. It is used to determine the significance of the results of a test, while degrees of freedom influence the shape of the relevant statistical distribution.
The correct answer is B. P value
Step-by-step explanation:
The probability that the amount of variation is due to random chance in a statistical hypothesis test is called the P value. This P value determines the significance of the results obtained from a statistical test.
If the P value is low (typically less than 0.05), it suggests that the observed data are inconsistent with the null hypothesis, which implies the findings are statistically significant.
On the other hand, a high P value indicates that the observed variation could very well be due to random chance, rather than any systematic effect or treatment.
Degrees of Freedom (df) are important in chi-square and F distributions as they determine the shape of the distribution and are used in the calculation of the P value. Understanding how to use this concept is essential to interpreting statistical tests.
The correct answer is B. P value