Final answer:
The M phase is responsible for the rearranging and physical splitting of the cell, including both mitosis and cytokinesis. The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phase that includes the rearranging and physical split of the cell is the M phase. During the M phase, the cell undergoes mitosis and cytokinesis.
Mitosis is made up of several steps: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, which are responsible for the alignment, separation, and movement of duplicated chromosomes into two new nuclei.
Following mitosis, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm of the cell, resulting in two identical daughter cells. This physical separation is the last step of the M phase.
The other phases mentioned (G1, S, and G2) are part of the interphase, where the cell grows and DNA replication occurs, preparing the cell for division during the M phase. Option D. is the correct one.