Final answer:
Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, resulting in difficulty digesting lactose in milk and leading to digestive symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lactose intolerance is a health concern for many adults due to a loss of the enzyme lactase. This enzyme is responsible for digesting lactose, the sugar found in milk. When individuals lack sufficient lactase, they experience symptoms such as bloating, cramps, and diarrhea after consuming dairy products. This condition is prevalent in various populations, and its severity can vary from person to person.
Infants may have a congenital deficiency of lactase, leading to intolerance to milk from birth. However, lactose intolerance more commonly develops in adulthood when the body's production of lactase decreases. To manage lactose intolerance, people can consume lactase supplements or opt for lactose-free dairy products to avoid the discomfort associated with the condition.