Final answer:
Case studies provide in-depth information but cannot establish cause-and-effect due to their lack of control and generalizability, while single-case experiments, with controlled conditions, allow for the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships.
Step-by-step explanation:
Case studies cannot reliably support cause-and-effect conclusions; single-case experiments can support cause-and-effect conclusions. Case studies are in-depth investigations of a single entity or small group, usually emphasizing an empirical and inductive approach.
They're rich in context and detail but typically do not establish cause-and-effect due to a lack of control and generalizability. Conversely, single-case experiments involve manipulation of variables and controlled conditions to test causality, making cause-and-effect conclusions possible.
However, these experiments can sometimes be conducted in artificial settings and may face ethical limitations when applied to sensitive topics. In summary, the differences can be attributed to the methodologies; case studies may identify patterns and generate hypotheses but cannot confirm causality, whereas single-case experiments, with their controlled environments, are designed to test specific hypotheses about causal relationships.