Final answer:
DNA is characterized as the molecule responsible for information storage in the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics. It holds the instructions for making all proteins in an organism and transmits hereditary information across generations. Option number a is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Considering the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics, the general property that is ascribed to DNA is Information storage. DNA contains the genetic blueprint for the synthesis of all cellular proteins, and it plays a crucial role in hereditary information transmission from one generation to another. The Central Dogma articulates that genetic information flows from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) and finally to the formation of proteins.
This means that DNA is responsible for storing the information needed for protein synthesis but is not directly involved in the production of the cellular structures, energy, or actual synthesis of proteins itself.
According to the Central Dogma, DNA's role includes directing and regulating the construction of proteins necessary for a cell's functions. It is the material out of which genes are made, and these genes carry the instructions for the synthesis of RNA molecules, which in turn direct the synthesis of proteins determining a cell's phenotype. In summary, DNA's function as an information reservoir is found in its ability to program the biosynthesis of cells and tissue components during development, growth, and repair.