Final answer:
Gene frequencies can vary between populations due to factors such as genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, and environmental variance. It is not possible to determine the variation in allele frequencies in the populations shown in figure 8.2 without further information.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gene frequencies can vary between populations due to factors such as genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, and environmental variance. In the case of the populations shown in figure 8.2, it is not possible to accurately determine the variation in allele frequencies without further information. Without additional data on the specific populations and their genetic interactions, we cannot determine if the populations are the same or if there are differences in allele frequencies between them.