Final answer:
An experimental study involves manipulating variables to establish cause-and-effect relationships, observational studies do not involve manipulation and provide insights into variable relationships, and comparative studies involve comparing groups to explore real-world effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
An experimental study is a research method in which the researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes its effect on a dependent variable. It involves the use of control and experimental groups to compare the outcomes. Experimental studies are suited for answering questions that require the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships.
Observational studies, on the other hand, do not involve manipulation of variables. Instead, the researcher observes and records data without intervening or controlling the variables. Observational studies are suitable for situations where it is impossible, impractical, or unethical to conduct experiments. These studies provide valuable insights into the relationships between variables but cannot establish causation.
A comparative study involves comparing groups or populations to identify similarities and differences. It aims to understand how different variables affect outcomes. Comparative studies are useful when researchers want to explore the effects of specific factors in real-world scenarios, without controlling the variables. They provide valuable insights into the complexity of social phenomena and allow researchers to explore relationships in diverse contexts.