Final answer:
Lactose intolerance is a condition caused by insufficient lactase production, leading to the inability to properly digest lactose. Lactase deficiency is common among adults, particularly those of Asian descent, and can cause digestive symptoms. Treatment options include lactase supplements and lactose-free products.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine does not produce enough of the enzyme lactase, which is essential for digesting lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products. This condition leads to symptoms such as bloating, cramps, nausea, and diarrhea. Lactase production often decreases with age in most mammals; however, some human populations, particularly Caucasians, are able to produce lactase into adulthood.
Another related condition is galactosemia, a genetic disease linked to the lack of an enzyme required to convert galactose to glucose, leading to galactose buildup in the blood. As part of the natural aging process, many adults, particularly in Asian populations, develop lactase deficiency, which may contribute to an aversion to milk. Infants born with this deficiency show symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting and may require lactose-free milk for nourishment.
Some individuals, to cope with lactose intolerance, consume lactose-free milk or take lactase enzyme supplements to facilitate the digestion of lactose. There is a clear link between cultural dietary habits and the prevalence of lactose intolerance; for instance, milk consumption in regions where lactose intolerance is common may be lower, and alternative sources of nutrition are often utilized.