Final answer:
The condition of low blood glucose due to excess insulin is called hypoglycemia, not to be confused with diabetes mellitus, which involves high blood glucose levels. In contrast to hypoglycemia, type II diabetes is characterized by ineffective insulin, leading to high blood glucose and potential malnutrition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition described in the question where low blood glucose occurs due to excess insulin release, irrespective of food intake, is known as hypoglycemia. This can happen when there's an overproduction of insulin or when the body's cells are overly responsive to insulin. This is different from diabetes mellitus, where the body either doesn't produce enough insulin or cells are resistant to insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels, or hyperglycemia. In the case of hypoglycemia, there is less glucose available for cells, which can cause symptoms like muscle weakness and in severe cases, unconsciousness or death if not promptly treated.
In type II diabetes, although insulin is produced, it is largely ineffective, leading to high glucose levels in the blood while cells are deprived of glucose. This is often described as 'starving in a sea of plenty' because the cells cannot utilize the glucose, potentially causing malnutrition despite the abundance of energy in the bloodstream.