Final answer:
Racial attitudes of ethnic groups other than White tend to show more ingroup favoritism influenced by racial socialization, the awareness of discrimination, and historical context. Ethnic minority children often view their racial identity as important, which can influence their attitudes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Compared to White children's racial attitudes, racial attitudes of other ethnic groups are more likely to indicate ingroup favoritism. This aligns with findings on racial socialization, where children, particularly those from ethnic minorities, are taught the positive aspects of their in-group, usually by caregivers. Neblett, Smalls, Ford, Nguyen, and Sellers (2009) documented that such racial socialization messages are influential in how individuals feel about their in-group. Furthermore, the concept of in-groups and out-groups can lead to a tendency to favor those who are considered part of the in-group over others, which can result in attitudes like ethnocentrism and racism.
When considering ethnicity and politics, the dominant ethnic group may not recognize the influence of ethnicity on their political socialization, while ethnic minorities may be particularly aware of discrimination, influencing how they view government. These different experiences with authority can affect personal beliefs and result in varied attitudes towards race. For instance, the dual attitudes model explains that while explicit attitudes may not show extreme racial bias due to social desirability, implicit attitudes can reveal mild to strong racial biases or prejudices.
Historically, the African American experience in the United States has shaped profound attitudes towards race. This historical background can deeply influence both explicit and implicit attitudes towards members of different racial groups. Ethnic minority children, as pointed out by Rogers and Meltzoff (2017), may view racial identity as significantly important, which could foster a sense of ingroup favoritism.