Final answer:
Comparative genomic hybridization detects chromosomal alterations such as chromosome inversions and translocations. These alterations are observed during meiosis and can cause aneuploid gametes if gene pairing is incorrect.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparative genomic hybridization is a technique that can detect chromosomal alterations in chromosome structure. This method is particularly useful in identifying changes such as chromosome inversions and translocations, which are among the most common types of structural rearrangements.
There are various methods for creating maps to evaluate genomes, among which cytogenetic mapping uses stained chromosome sections analyzed under a microscope to find genetic markers. Additionally, radiation hybrid mapping involves fragmenting DNA using X-rays without the influence of recombination frequency, whereas sequence mapping employs DNA sequencing technology to create detailed physical maps.