Final answer:
A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a collection of documents that outlines the steps to complete procedures or operations in an IT environment. It provides rules and decisions for efficient and consistent task execution. Bureaucracies rely on explicit rules to govern their operations, which are outlined in documents like student handbooks.
Step-by-step explanation:
A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a collection of physical or digital documents that outline the precise steps to complete procedures or operations in a specific IT environment. It provides a set of rules, choices, and decisions for carrying out tasks efficiently and consistently.
For example, in a computer network setup, an SOP might include detailed instructions on how to configure routers and switches, how to troubleshoot connectivity issues, and how to ensure data security. The SOP would outline the necessary components, such as the physical devices and their specifications, and the specific processes and code involved.
Bureaucracies, like colleges and universities, also rely on explicit rules to govern their operations. These rules are outlined, written down, and standardized in documents like the student handbook. As technology advances, organizations must update their explicit rules to address emerging issues like cyberbullying and identity theft.