Final answer:
In 1,3-butadiene, there are a total of nine sigma (σ) bonds and two pi (π) bonds. Four of the sigma bonds are with hydrogen, three are between carbon atoms,
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1,3-butadiene, H2C=CH-CH=CH2, the molecule contains sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds. Butadiene is a molecule with two double bonds, and according to the hybridization model, a double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond. To account for all the bonds:
- Each of the four carbon atoms forms a sigma bond with a hydrogen atom, totaling four σ bonds.
- There is one sigma bond between each pair of carbon atoms in the chain, adding three more σ bonds, for a total of seven σ bonds from single bonds.
- Each double bond contains one sigma and one pi bond, and since there are two double bonds, this results in two σ bonds and two π bonds from the double bonds.
Therefore, 1,3-butadiene contains a total of nine σ bonds and two π bonds.