Final answer:
John Kotter asserts that leadership and management are complementary systems of action necessary for the success of an organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Kotter, a professor at Harvard Business School and a leading thinker on change and leadership, suggests that leadership and management do not compete; rather, they are complementary systems of action. Leadership is about setting direction and helping people envision what could be achieved in the future. It involves aligning people with that vision and inspiring them to overcome obstacles. On the other hand, management is more about planning, budgeting, organizing, staffing, controlling, and problem-solving to keep the complex machinery of an organization running smoothly. Both are necessary for an organization to be successful in a rapidly changing environment.