Final answer:
Plato believed that a good state should be based on wisdom, courage, discipline, and justice. Philosopher-kings should rule, providing essential goods and services while protecting the city. A just state would be corrupt-free and prioritize the community's well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Plato's work The Republic, he emphasized that a good state should be based on four virtues: wisdom, courage, discipline, and justice. The state should be organized as an organic whole, with each part fulfilling its role to maintain harmony. Plato believed that a just city should be ruled by philosopher-kings who possess practical knowledge and intellectual understanding.
Plato argued that a good state should provide essential goods and services to all its people, with society organized according to mutual needs and differences in aptitude. Soldiers, known as guardians, should protect and defend the city, and they must be exceptional in all virtues, working for the good of society. Plato believed that a just state would be free from corruption and would prioritize the interest of the community over personal gain.