Final answer:
The term "second shift" is false in the context of emotional work to maintain family relationships; it actually refers to the additional domestic responsibilities that married women with full-time jobs often take on at home.
Step-by-step explanation:
The expression "second shift" does not refer to doing the emotional work of maintaining family relationships. The statement is false. Instead, the term "second shift" describes the phenomenon where married women with full-time careers also fulfill the domestic responsibilities of a homemaker and parent.
This term was popularized by sociologists such as Arlie R. Hochschild and Anne Machung in their 1989 work 'The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home.' It highlights the dual burden of work and family life, particularly the stress and strain for those juggling professional responsibilities and the expectations of family care.
Women often have greater responsibility for managing family demands, like home care, child care, and caring for aging parents. This dual burden is even more pronounced when the traditional gender roles in a household expect women to take on these duties alongside their careers. The "second shift" reflects the frustration of many women whose husbands did not share domestic responsibilities equitably.