Final answer:
A researcher should expect low test-retest reliability for an anxiety questionnaire in a profession like policing due to the varying levels of stress faced over time. Calculations based on expected values suggest that responses to anxiety levels can significantly change over short periods, reducing reliability.
Step-by-step explanation:
A researcher should expect low test-retest reliability for an anxiety questionnaire that measures symptoms which can fluctuate over time. Anxiety levels can vary significantly depending on various factors such as environmental stressors, personal circumstances, and even the time of day. When considering a profession like policing, as mentioned in the study by Beutler, Nussbaum, and Meredith (1988), experiences on the job can dramatically impact an individual's anxiety levels. Therefore, if a questionnaire is administered to a police officer upon recruitment and then two years or four years later, one should expect differences in responses that can reflect changes in anxiety levels due to the job's stressors. This variation would naturally result in lower test-retest reliability compared to measures of more stable traits.
To calculate the expected number of students with a med-low anxiety level and a low need to succeed in school, assuming independence, you would use the formula:
(row total) × (column total) / total surveyed
In the given example, if De Anza College wants to know how anxiety level and need to succeed are related among 400 students, using the provided totals from their survey (med-low anxiety level total of 63 and a low need to succeed total of 52), the calculation would yield: (63 × 52) / 400, indicating how many students would fall into both categories if the two variables were independent events.