Final answer:
Correlation is the association between two variables and does not imply causation. The strength and direction of correlation can be measured using a correlation coefficient.
Step-by-step explanation:
Correlation is the association between two variables in which a change in one variable is associated with a change in the other variable. However, correlation does not imply causation, meaning that one variable causing the other cannot be determined based solely on the correlation. The strength and direction of a correlation can be measured using a correlation coefficient, which ranges from -1 to +1. A positive correlation means that the variables move in the same direction, while a negative correlation means they move in opposite directions.