Final answer:
Motivation is the process of arousing enthusiasm and inspiring efforts to achieve goals (a). It is a key term in business connected to how individuals and teams are encouraged to accomplish objectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of arousing enthusiasm and inspiring efforts to achieve goals is called motivation. This is a term often associated with management and organizational behavior in the context of business.
Concerning the other educational questions presented:
- Self-regulation is also known as self-efficacy.
- Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as self-esteem.
- Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called social promotion.
- A characteristic that is not part of bureaucracies is coercion to join.
- The term that describes the separation of students based on merit is referred to as tracking (not provided in the list, but the correct term).