Final answer:
Universal ethical standards are essential for guiding global business conduct of multinational corporations, as represented by initiatives like the United Nations Global Compact and internal codes of ethics that address human rights, environmental protection, and anti-corruption efforts.
Step-by-step explanation:
A company with international operations may rely on universal ethical standards to guide its global business conduct.
This approach is notably embodied in initiatives such as the United Nations Global Compact, which encourages companies to adhere to principles involving human rights, environmental stewardship, and anti-corruption.
Codes of ethics are crucial for multinational corporations (MNCs) as they outline permissible actions and guide members towards achieving environmental, social, and trust-building goals. Since these organizations operate beyond national borders, it is essential that they integrate universal ethical standards across all aspects of their operations.
This includes, but is not limited to, domestic operations, interactions with competitors, and employee relations.
Concerns about environmental and national security implications also highlight the need for MNCs to act ethically and responsibly, considering the varied interests and regulations of the countries in which they operate.
Thus, a company with international operations would rely on universal ethical standards to guide 'd) Global business conduct' to successfully navigate the complexities of international trade and corporate governance.