Final answer:
Manipulation is the form of influence where information is withheld or altered, including the concepts of deception and coercion. In research, deception might be used, and informational social influence is more likely when answers are unclear or the group has expertise. The correct answer is option c) Manipulation, deception, coercion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The form of influence where information is withheld or altered, which includes the concepts of deception and coercion, can be identified as manipulation. In this context, manipulation involves altering or withholding information to influence someone's behavior or perceptions.
Deception is a related concept where false or misleading information is used to deceive or influence someone. Lastly, coercion involves compelling someone to act in a certain way through the use of force or threats.
For your references:
- Researchers might use deception to skew participants' responses in a study.
- Informational social influence will be more likely under conditions when the answer is unclear and when the group has expertise (options b and c).