Final answer:
Areas along the western coasts that are rich in biological productivity due to high nutrient levels because of the process where deep ocean waters rise and bring nutrients to the surface are called upwellings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Areas along the western coasts of continents that are rich in biological productivity due to high nutrient levels are called upwellings. Ocean upwelling is a process where, as wind pushes offshore, it causes the water from the ocean bottom to move to the surface, bringing up nutrients that have settled at the ocean depths. These nutrients are then made available for use by living organisms, which contributes to the high biological productivity and biodiversity of these areas, particularly in the neritic zone, which has the highest productivity and biodiversity of the ocean.