Final answer:
A hacker is an individual who seizes supervisory control of the system and uses this control to evade auditing and access controls or to suppress audit collection. They exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks to gain unauthorized access or disrupt operations. Organizations implement security measures to protect against hackers.
Step-by-step explanation:
A hacker is an individual who seizes supervisory control of the system and uses this control to evade auditing and access controls or to suppress audit collection. Hackers are skilled computer experts who exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks to gain unauthorized access or disrupt operations. They can use various techniques such as social engineering, malware, or code exploits to bypass security measures and gain control of the system.
For example, a hacker might use a technique called privilege escalation to gain administrative or root access to a system. Once they have this level of control, they can manipulate and modify system files, install malicious software, or even delete important data without leaving any traces.
To protect against hackers, organizations implement various security measures such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and strong authentication methods. Regular system audits and security assessments are also conducted to identify and fix vulnerabilities before they can be exploited.