Final answer:
Process synchronization in Computers and Technology is fundamental for enforcing mutual exclusion, ensuring that only one process accesses a shared resource at a time using mechanisms like semaphores, monitors, and locks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Synchronization of processes is a key concept in computer science and operating systems. It involves coordinating the execution of multiple processes to ensure that they don't interfere with each other and access shared resources simultaneously, which can lead to incorrect results or system crashes. Mutual exclusion is one technique used in synchronization to ensure that only one process can access a shared resource at a time.
For example, consider a scenario where two processes want to write data to the same file. If they both write simultaneously, the data might become jumbled or overwritten. By using synchronization techniques like locking, only one process can access the file at a time, ensuring that the data is written correctly and avoid conflicts.
In high-level programming languages, synchronization mechanisms such as mutexes can be used to enforce mutual exclusion. These mechanisms allow processes to acquire and release locks, ensuring that only one process can access a critical section of code or a shared resource at any given time.