Final answer:
The term for addresses assigned in virtual memory is 'virtual address', which allows locations to be accessed as part of main memory. It is managed by the operating system and simplifies programming by creating the illusion of ample main memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The address assigned to a location in virtual memory to allow that location to be accessed as though it were part of main memory is the virtual address. In computing, virtual memory is a system that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory". The concept is analogous to understanding how an address helps to identify a location for sending mail or deliveries, but in the context of computing, it refers to how the system finds and retrieves data.
Just as physical locations have addresses, locations in a computer's memory have addresses for identification and access. The virtual memory system uses a mapping process between virtual addresses and physical addresses, handled by the operating system and potentially hardware components like the Memory Management Unit (MMU). This allows programs to use more memory than is physically available, with parts of the program and data swapped in and out of physical memory as needed.