Final answer:
The feeling of incompetence and desire to avoid interactions with the new culture, as experienced in a new environment, is called culture shock. It involves stress and disorientation due to cultural differences, but over time individuals can adapt to the new cultural setting.
Step-by-step explanation:
The response to the feeling of incompetence and the desire to avoid interactions with the host culture, as described by anthropologists, is known as culture shock. This phenomenon occurs when individuals encounter a new culture and experience disorientation, frustration, and stress due to the differences between their own culture and the new one. Culture shock can include challenges such as adapting to new social norms, language barriers, and managing expectations associated with stereotypes, as depicted in the examples of international students in the U.S. struggling to adjust and being confronted with cultural differences in academic and social settings. Over time, individuals can learn to adapt to the new culture, a process that involves understanding and accepting cultural differences and developing new patterns of behavior.
The incorrect options presented alongside culture shock are adaptation anxiety, ethnorelativism, and cultural dissonance. While these may have related concepts, they do not fit the description of an individual's struggle to cope with a new environment and the ensuing avoidance of interaction. Additionally, option (b) in question 4, xenophobia, refers to the irrational fear or hatred of another culture, whereas ethnophobia is not a commonly used term in anthropology or sociology.