Final answer:
The statement provided is false because a calorie is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius, not one kilogram as suggested by the question.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement is FALSE. In physics, specifically thermodynamics, a calorie (with a lowercase 'c') is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree Celsius. However, when discussing nutritional energy, we use the term Calorie (with an uppercase 'C'), which is equivalent to a kilocalorie in chemistry, and this is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. Therefore, when we speak about dietary Calories, we are actually referring to kilocalories.