Final answer:
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a genetic disorder affecting lipid metabolism, leading to severe neurological issues and a high risk of death within 10 years. Treatments include Lorenzo's oil and gene therapy, but neither are fully effective.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize lipids with very high molecular weights, leading to their accumulation in cells, particularly affecting the brain's myelin sheaths. There are two causes of ALD: an autosomal recessive allele responsible for neonatal ALD and a mutation in the ABCD1 gene on the X chromosome. Treatments like Lorenzo's oil and gene therapy are being explored, although they are expensive and have not halted neurological degradation completely. Additionally, there is a high risk of death within 10 years after the onset of ALD.