Final answer:
Bronchiolitis is an inflammation of the bronchioles caused by RSV. It can be life-threatening, and chest X-rays may show hyperinflation and patchy atelectasis. Treatment includes albuterol nebs, but steroids are not recommended.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bronchiolitis is an inflammation of the bronchioles, the small air passages in the lungs. It is commonly caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Chest X-ray findings in bronchiolitis may show hyperinflation and patchy atelectasis. RSV infection in infants can be life-threatening and may require hospitalization.
The treatment for bronchiolitis caused by RSV includes albuterol nebulization for respiratory distress, but steroids are not recommended. Premature infants, infants with chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, and immunodeficiency may be given palivizumab for prevention (prophylaxis) against RSV infection.