Final answer:
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Sulfadiazine + leucovorin is used in the treatment of neurotoxoplasmosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii. It can affect the brain and other organs, especially in immunocompromised patients. The recommended treatment for neurotoxoplasmosis is a six-week regimen of multi-drug therapy, which includes sulfadiazine and leucovorin. Sulfadiazine is a synthetic sulfa drug that competitively inhibits an enzyme in folic acid production in parasites, making it effective against Toxoplasma gondii. Leucovorin, also known as folinic acid, is used as an adjunctive therapy to prevent adverse effects of sulfadiazine.