Final answer:
Chronic granulomatous disease is a genetic disorder that impairs the antibacterial activity of phagocytic cells, causing persistent infections and chronic inflammation. Neutrophils and macrophages in patients with CGD are unable to kill catalase-positive bacteria due to a defect in the NADPH oxidase system. Common bacteria that cause infections in CGD patients include Aspergillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Serratia marcescens, and Salmonella typhimurium.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronic granulomatous disease is a genetic disorder that affects the NADPH oxidase system in phagocytic cells, specifically neutrophils and macrophages. This defect prevents the production of superoxide radicals, which are necessary for killing catalase-positive bacteria. As a result, patients with CGD have impaired antibacterial activity, leading to persistent infections and chronic inflammation called granulomas. Some common types of bacteria that cause infections in CGD patients include Aspergillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Serratia marcescens, and Salmonella typhimurium.