Final answer:
Good research is characterized by a clear problem statement, a working hypothesis, and a reliable methodology, but not necessarily by being based entirely on secondary data. A mix of primary and secondary data is often vital for good research.
The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristics of "good" research include a wide array of elements that ensure the validity, reliability, and credibility of the research findings. The characteristics listed in the question are all instrumental to good research except one: being based entirely on secondary data is not a requirement for research to be considered good. Indeed,
good research is often characterized by a mix of data sources, including primary data, which can offer new insights and strengthen the study. Let's explore the key components mentioned:
- Working hypothesis: Good research often starts with the development of a hypothesis, a tentative statement about reality that the research will either support or refute.
- Reliable methodology: It employs a methodology that is reliable, meaning that it produces consistent results when repeated under the same conditions.
- Clear problem statement: Having a clear problem statement is critical to guide the research and ensure its focus.
Good research might employ various methods such as controlled experiments, observational studies, and case studies. These methods are selected to align with the research question or hypothesis, as guided by the established scholarly research method.
As per the research methods mentioned, a study must be well-designed to analyze both expected and unexpected data within a solid framework, ensuring consistency and the ability to replicate the study by other researchers.
The correct option is D.