Final answer:
Isorhythmic AV dissociation is caused by disturbances in the heart's electrical conduction system, particularly affecting the AV node and its ability to receive signals from the SA node, which could be due to inherent node abnormalities, ischemia, metabolic disorders, or drug exposure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Isorhythmic AV dissociation occurs when the atria and ventricles beat independently from each other while maintaining a similar or equal rate. This condition is related to a disturbance in the heart's electrical conduction system, specifically in the atrioventricular (AV) node, often resulting from AV blocks. The normal beating of the heart, known as sinus rhythm, is interrupted because electrical signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node do not properly reach the AV node or ventricles. Various factors inducing isorhythmic AV dissociation include inherent abnormalities in the SA or AV node, ischemia to the heart muscle, metabolic disorders, electrolyte imbalances, and exposure to certain drugs. In severe cases, an artificial pacemaker may be needed to maintain a proper heart rhythm.