Final answer:
De jure discrimination is codified into law and is intentional, such as Jim Crow laws; de facto discrimination occurs in practice without a legal basis, like segregation shaped by social and economic factors. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between de jure and de facto discrimination is based on whether the discrimination has been codified into law or occurs in practice, without legal basis. De jure discrimination is intentional and must be understood as discrimination enforced by law.
For example, during the Jim Crow era in the United States, state and local laws mandated racial segregation. This type of legalized discrimination was challenged and eventually overthrown by the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision.
On the other hand, de facto discrimination refers to discrimination that occurs in reality, even if not upheld by law, such as segregation that derives from longstanding behaviors and socioeconomic conditions rather than legal mandate.
The correct answer to the question is B. De jure discrimination is intentional and by law, while de facto discrimination is unintentional and occurs without laws but because of other factors.