Final answer:
Furosemide, a loop diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions in the kidney's loop of Henle, may increase blood glucose levels as a side effect. It is prescribed to lower blood pressure by increasing urine volume but can affect glucose control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Medication Impact on Blood Glucose Levels
Among the medications listed, furosemide (option C) is known to potentially increase blood glucose levels. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle in the kidney. Loop diuretics work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, which can lead to increased urination. This inhibition can affect glucose control and potentially raise blood glucose levels.
Understanding Diuretics and Their Effects
Diuretics are often prescribed to reduce blood pressure by reducing blood volume. The most frequently prescribed anti-hypertensive diuretic, different from furosemide, is hydrochlorothiazide, which works on the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). However, in the case of furosemide, the specific action in the loop of Henle and its impact on urine output can lead to secondary effects, such as an increase in blood glucose levels, which makes furosemide the correct answer for which medication may increase blood glucose.