Final answer:
The affirmation that the temperance movement stemmed in part from increasing urbanization and immigration is true. It arose as a response to the challenges posed by the 19th-century urban and immigrant life and aimed to address associated alcohol consumption issues. The statement is true (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the temperance movement was partly a result of new social conditions, such as increasing urbanization and immigration, is true. During the 19th century, many societies observed a rise in alcohol consumption associated with the stresses of urban life and the influx of immigrants, leading to social and public health issues. This concern prompted various groups to advocate for the reduction or prohibition of alcohol, thereby initiating the temperance movement. The temperance movement worked to reform society by promoting moderation in the consumption of alcohol and eventually sought the complete prohibition of its production and sale.
The process of initiation can indeed be ongoing and sometimes involve the experience of joy. Initiation refers to the beginning or start of something, and it can continue and evolve over time. For example, in a club or organization, initiation may involve a series of steps or rituals that a new member goes through. This process can bring a sense of excitement and happiness as the person becomes part of the group.